短小鬼伞Coprinellus curtus

描述1 描述来源：Flora Agaricina Neerlandica: Critical Monographs on Families of Agarics and Boleti Occurring in the Netherlands. Volume 6
类型：完整全面的描述（摘录自专著、论文等）
描述原文：
12. Coprinus curtus Kalchbr. in Flora 59: 424. 1876. – Fig. 12.
Coprinellus curtus (Kalchbr.) Vilgalys, Hopple & Johnson in Taxon 50: 233. 2001. Coprinus plicatiloides Buller in Trans. Br. mycol. Soc. 6: 364. 1920.
S EL . ICON . — Bender et al. in Z. Mykol. 50: opposite 16. 1984.
S EL . DESCR . & FIGS . — Bender et al. in Z. Mykol. 50: 24. 1984; Joss. in Annls. Soc. linn. Lyon 77: 109. 1933; Uljé & Bas in Persoonia 14: 284, fig. 2. 1991.
V ERN . NAME — Paardenmestdonsinktzwam.
Pileus 3–7 × 2–5 mm when still closed, 6–13 mm wide when expanded, first (sub)globose, ellipsoid or ovoid, then obtusely conical, finally flat, cream coloured, at centre with yellow-brown to ochre-brown granular-flocculose veil. Lamellae, L = c. 20, l = 0–1, almost free or free, first whitish, then grey to blackish. Stipe 30–60 × 0.5–1 mm, whitish, vitreous, sparsely pubescent; base clavate.
Spores 9.5–14.0 × 6.5–9.0 × 6.0–8.0 µm, Q = 1.35–1.70, av. Q = 1.50–1.55, av. L = 11.0–12.0 µm, av. B = 7.3–8.0 µm, ellipsoid to slightly ovoid with rounded base and apex, dark red-brown; germ pore eccentric, 2 µm wide. Basidia 11–28 × 8–12 µm, 4-spored, surrounded by 5–7 pseudoparaphyses. Cheilocystidia globose, up to 35 µm in diam. to subglobose, the latter up to 40 × 35 µm. Pleurocystidia absent. Pileocystidia 40–90(110) × 10–20 µm, lageniform to nettle hair-shaped with cylindrical to slightly tapering, 3–7 µm wide neck and subcapitate to capitate, up to 12(15) µm wide apex. Sclerocystidia absent. Velar globose cells on pileipellis up to 40 µm in diam., rather strongly encrusted, often brown. Caulocystidia 27–50 × 4–5 µm, cylindrical-capitate to tibiiform with up to 7 µm wide and base. Clamp-connections not seen.
HABITAT & DISTR . — Solitary or subfasciculate, on horse dung; rather rare in the Netherlands. Apr.-Oct. Widespread in Europe, America and Japan.
Coprinus curtus has brown, thick-walled globose cells and (sub)capitate pileocystidia.

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参考翻译：
12.短小鬼伞Coprinus curtus Kalchbr. in Flora 59: 424. 1876. – Fig. 12.
Coprinellus curtus (Kalchbr.) Vilgalys, Hopple & Johnson in Taxon 50: 233. 2001. Coprinus plicatiloides Buller in Trans. Br. mycol. Soc. 6: 364. 1920.
S EL . ICON . — Bender et al. in Z. Mykol. 50: opposite 16. 1984.
S EL . DESCR . & FIGS . — Bender et al. in Z. Mykol. 50: 24. 1984; Joss. in Annls. Soc. linn. Lyon 77: 109. 1933; Uljé & Bas in Persoonia 14: 284, fig. 2. 1991.
V ERN . NAME — Paardenmestdonsinktzwam.
菌盖闭合时3–7 × 2–5 mm，展开后6–13 mm宽，初期近球形、椭圆形或卵形，后钝圆锥形，最后平展，奶油色，中部被黄褐色至赭褐色颗粒状至丛毛状菌幕。菌褶数L=20，两片菌褶间的小菌褶数l=0-1，离生至近离生，初期近白色，后灰色至近黑色。菌柄30–60 × 0.5–1mm，白色，半透明，被稀疏短毛；基部棒状膨大。
孢子9.5–14.0 × 6.5–9.0 × 6.0–8.0 µm，长宽比Q = 1.35–1.70，平均长宽比av. Q = 1.50–1.55，平均长度av. L = 11.0–12.0 µm，平均宽度av. B = 7.3–8.0 µm，椭圆形或略呈卵形，基部和顶部圆滑，深红褐色，芽孔偏心，2μm宽。担子11–28 × 8–12 µm，4孢，被5-7个周细胞包围。褶缘囊状体球形，宽达35μm；或者近球形，大小达40 × 35 µm。侧生囊状体阙如。盖生囊状体40–90(110) × 10–20 µm，烧瓶形至“荨麻毛状”（图示23），圆柱形或略向上变细，宽3-7μm，末端头状或近头状膨大，膨大部位宽达12(15) µm。盖表没有刚毛（译注：Sclerocystidia是一些近地伞属物种菌盖上的刚毛状结构）。菌盖菌幕里的球形细胞宽达40 µm，被结痂色素，色素通常褐色。柄生囊状体27–50 × 4–5 µm，圆柱形末端膨大至近球顶长颈瓶形，顶部头状部位和基部宽达7µm。锁状联合未见。
生境和分布：单生或近簇生于马粪上，在荷兰地区较少见。四月至十月出现，在欧洲、美国和日本广泛分布。
短小鬼伞拥有褐色，厚壁，近球形的菌盖菌幕细胞和（近）头状膨大的盖生囊状体。